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Investing Definitions and Financial Terms
Explore Morningstar's glossary of investing definitions. Learn about financial terms and how they apply to the stock market, the economy, and your investments.
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1-Star Price
10-K
12b-1 Fee
401(k)
401(k) Loan
403(b) Plan
457(b) Plans
529 College Savings Plan
5-Star Price
A
Active Fund
Adjusted Expense Ratio
Adjusted Gross Income
After-Tax Returns
Allocation Fund
Alpha
Alternatives
Annual Fee
Annuity
Ask Size
Asset Allocation
Asset Class
Average Credit Quality
Average Indexed Monthly Earnings
B
B Share
Balance Sheet
Bear Market
Benchmark
Beneficiary
Best Fit Alpha
Best Fit Beta
Best Fit Index
Beta
Bid-Ask Spread
Bid Size
Biodiversity
Blue Sky Stock
Blue-Chip Stock
Board Composition
Board Structure
Bond
Bond Maturity
Bond Rating
Book Value
Bribery and Corruption
Brokerage
Budget
Bull Market
Buyback
C
C Share
Call Option
Capital Allocation
Carbon
Carbon Credits
Carbon Emissions
Carbon Footprint
Carbon Neutral
Carbon Risk Score
Cash Flow
Cash Flow From Operations
Category
Circular Economy
Closed-End Fund
Commercial Paper
Commodities
Common Stock
Company Stewardship
Compound Annual Growth Rate
Compound Interest
Consumer Price Index
Consumption
Contango
Corporate Governance
Cost of Capital
Cost-of-Living Adjustment
Coupon
Coverdell Education Savings Account
Credit Quality
Currencies
D
Day Range
Day Trader
Days of Sales Outstanding
Dead Cat Bounce
Debt Security
Debt/Asset Ratio
Debt/Capital Ratio
Debt-to-Equity Ratio
Default
Deferred Load
Defined-Benefit Plan
Defined-Contribution Plan
Derivatives
Developed Markets
Discount Broker
Divestment
Dividend Distribution Frequency
Dividend Yield
Dividends
Donor-Advised Fund
Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)
Downside Capture Ratio
Duration
E
EBITDA
Early Retirement and Reduced Benefits
Early Withdrawal Penalty
Earnings
Economic Cycle
Efficiency
Efficient Frontier
Emerging Market
Emerging-Markets Equity Fund
Environmental Sustainability
Equity Fund
Equity Style Box
ESG Screening
Executive Compensation
Expense Ratio
F
Fair Value Estimate
Fair Value Uncertainty
Fee
Fiduciary Duty
Financial Advisor
Financial Leverage
Financial Planning
Financial Advisor Services
Fiscal Year
Fixed Income
Fixed-Income Fund
Fixed-Income Style Box
Flexible Spending Account
Float
Forecast
Forward Dividend Yield
Forward Price-to-Earnings Ratio
Free Cash Flow
Front Load
Full Retirement Age
Fund
Fund Flow
Fund of Funds
Fund Size
Fund-Income Return
G
Gender Equity
Geopolitical Risk
Glide Path
Goals-Based Investing
Greenwashing
Guaranteed Investment Contract
H
Health Savings Account
I
Inception Date
Individual Retirement Account
Industry
Inflation
Information Ratio
Interest
Interest Rate
International Stock Fund
Investing
Investment Factor
Investment Performance
Investment Research
Investment Risk
Investment Strategy
Investment Trust
Investment Valuation
L
Labor Standards
Last Close
Leading Indicator
Leisure
Liquidity
Lobbying
Low Carbon Designation
M
Macroeconomics
Managed Account
Management Fee
Manager Stewardship
Market
Market Bubble
Market Capitalization
Material ESG Issues
Maximum Drawdown
Maximum Earnings
Medicaid
Medicare
Minimum Initial Investment
Model Portfolio
Modern Portfolio Theory
Momentum
Momentum Investing
Money Market
Money Market Mutual Fund
Morningstar Economic Moat Rating™
Morningstar Fee Level
Morningstar Medalist Rating for Funds
Morningstar Rating™ for Funds
Morningstar Rating for Stocks
Morningstar Return™
Morningstar Risk™
Morningstar Style Box™
Mortgage
Mutual Fund Share Class
N
Nasdaq
NAV Return
Net Assets
Net Asset Value
Net Income
Net Margin
Net Worth
Net Zero
NYSE
O
Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance
Open-End Fund
Operating Margin
Option Price
Ownership Structure
P
Paris Agreement
Passive Fund
Passive Investing
Payment for Order Flow
Pension
Percentile Rank
Political Contribution
Pollution
Portfolio
Portfolio Environmental Risk Score
Portfolio Fossil Fuel Involvement
Portfolio Governance Risk Score
Portfolio Manager
Portfolio Social Risk Score
Potential Capital Gains Exposure
Preferred Stock
Previous Close Price
Price/Book Ratio
Price/Cash Flow Ratio
Price/Earnings-to-Growth Ratio
Price/Fair Value Ratio
Price/Sales Ratio
Prime Rate Interest
Privacy
Product Involvement
Product Safety
Profit-Sharing Plan
Proxy Voting
Public Policy
Q
Quality Investing
Quantitative Analysis
R
R-Squared
Rating
Recordkeeper
Redemption Fee
Regulation
Rent
Retirement
Retirement Account
Return on Assets Ratio
Return on Equity Ratio
Revenue Growth
Rollover IRA
Roth 401(k)
Roth IRA
S
SEC Seven-Day Yield
SEC Yield
Secondary Market
Sector
Sector Fund
Self-Employment Income
Shares Outstanding
Shares Short
Sharpe Ratio
Short Covering
Short Ratio
Short Sale
Short-Term Bonds
Sinking Fund
Smart Beta
Social Security
Social Security Credits
Social Sustainability
Socially Responsible Investing
Spending
Standard Deviation
Stock
Stock Option
Stock Split
Stock Trading
Style
Subadvisor
Super Sectors
Supplementary Security Income
Sustainable Governance
Sustainable Investing
T
Tangible Asset
Tangible Common Equity Ratio
Target-Date Funds
Tax Cost Ratio
Tax Deduction
Total Assets
Total Return
Tracking Error
Trailing 12-Month Yield
Trailing Dividend Yield
Trailing Price/Earnings Ratio
Transaction Costs
Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities
Treynor Ratio
Triple Bottom Line
Ticker
Turnover Ratio
U
Uncertainty
Uncertainty Rating
Upside/Downside Capture Ratio
V
Variable Annuity
W
Waste
Water
Work
Y
Year Range
Yield
Z
Z-Statistic
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